Deterministic Data Masking

 

Classify, Locate and De-Identify PII Everywhere

Our Data Masking Software in Gartner Market Guide

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Outsmart Risk. Accurately Locate & Consistently Anonymize Sensitive Data in Structured, Semi-Structured, and Unstructured Sources.

 

Classify, Locate, De-Identify, and Prove

 

Unsecured data can damage your company's reputation and cost it millions in fines. Award-winning data-centric ("startpoint") security software from IRI has been repeatedly proven in a wide range of breach nullification, privacy law compliance, and DevOps (test data) environments. Use fit-for-purpose IRI data 'shield' products (or all of them in the IRI Voracity data management platform) to find and mask sensitive data deterministically on-premise or in the cloud, and to prove that you protected it.

Personally Identifiable Information (PII)

Personally Identifiable Information (PII)

While there is no set list of PII across all privacy laws, there are common elements used across these laws. In short, PII is information, when used alone or with other data, that identifies an individual. Government regulations like SSAE16, SOC2, and the GDPR require that all PII be protected.

List of PII

  • Social Security Number
  • Credit Card Number
  • Bank Account Number
  • First Name
  • Last Name
  • Address
  • Zip Code
  • Email Address
  • Birth Date
  • Passwords
  • Military ID
  • Driver's License Number
  • Vehicle License Number
  • Phone Number
  • Fax Number

 

Protected Health Information (PHI)

Protected Health Information (PHI)

In medical records, PHI identifies a health care recipient. US HIPAA regulations require that 18 key identifiers be effectively de-identified or anonymized.

List of PHI

  • Names
  • Addresses / Zip Codes / Geocodes
  • Dates
  • Phone Numbers
  • Fax Numbers
  • Email Addresses
  • Social Security Numbers
  • Medical Record Numbers
  • Health Plan Beneficiary Numbers
  • Account Numbers
  • Certificate / License Numbers
  • Vehicle Identifiers
  • Device Identifiers
  • URLs
  • IP Addresses
  • Biometric Identifiers
  • Facial Images
  • Any Other Unique Identifiers

Primary Account Numbers (PANs)

Primary Account Numbers (PANs)

PAN sare identifying numbers used in credit card transactions. The Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) requires card issuers, merchants, and testers to encrypt, tokenize, and otherwise protect this information.

List of PANs

  • There is no list of PANs, as they are unique to individual accounts.

    A PAN is a 14, 15, or 16 digit number generated as a unique identifier for a primary account.

Other Sensitive Information

Other Sensitive Information

Information like codes and formulas that constitute trade or military secrets need to be protected. You cannot afford to have this critical data lost in a data breach.

List of Other Information

  • Codes
  • Formulas
  • Trade Secrets
  • Military Information
  • Classified Information
  • etc.

Privacy Laws

HIPAA

The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) implements industry-wide standards for health care information. Health care providers, organizations, and their associates are required to develop and follow procedures for PHI when it is transferred, received, handled, or shared. It applies to all forms of PHI, including written, electronic, and oral.

GDPR

Under the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), all personal data of a citizen from the European Union must be secured. Companies are required to protect any data that can directly or indirectly identify an individual ("data subject"). These identifiers include, but are not limited to:

  • Social Security Number
  • Credit Card Number
  • Bank Account Number
  • First Name
  • Last Name
  • Address
  • Zip Code
  • Email Address
  • Medical Information
  • Genomic Information
  • IP Address
  • Geolocation Data
  • Income and Tax Data
  • Race, Ethnicity, and Religious Affiliation
  • Sexual Orientation
  • Trade Union Membership
  • Birth Date
  • Password
  • Military ID
  • Passport Number
  • Driver's License Number
  • Vehicle License Number
  • Phone and Fax Numbers

The law also provides citizens with the Right to be Forgotten, or the ability to request that all information about them be removed from a company's possession.

FERPA

The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) is a federal law that protects the privacy of student records and information. FERPA gives rights and protections to parents and eligible students. Once a student reaches 18 years of age or enrolls in a post-secondary institution, he or she becomes an "eligible student," meaning all rights formerly controlled by the parents transfer to the student.

Under FERPA, a school may not generally disclose PII from an eligible student's records to third parties unless the student has provided written consent. Data protected includes PII and no less than the following additional information:

  • Student Name
  • Student ID Number
  • Family Member Names
  • Place of Birth
  • Mother's Maiden Name
  • Student Educational Records
  • Immunization Records
  • Health Records
  • Individuals with Disabilities (IDEA) Records
  • Attendance Records

FISMA

The Federal Information Security Management Act of 2002 (FISMA) is a federal law that recognizes the importance of data protection and information security to economic and national security interests. Every federal agency must develop, document, and implement an agency-wide course of action to secure the system and assets that support the agency, including those managed by another agency, contractor, or other sources.

Information that must be protected under FISMAincludes PII and other sensitive information from these categories:

  • Medical
  • Financial
  • Contractor Sensitive
  • Security Management
  • Other information specified by executive order, specific law, directive, policy, or regulation

FFIEC

The Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (FFIEC) is a government interagency body that sets uniform principles, standards, and report forms to promote uniformity in the supervisions of financial institutions. Additionally, the Council oversees real estate appraisal.

Banks, credit unions, and other financial institutions are subject to the rules enacted by the Council. In addition to PII and Non-Public Personal Information (NPI), these institutions need to protect:

  • Income
  • Credit Score
  • Collection History
  • Family Member PII and NPI

CCPA

The California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018 (CCPA) protects the data of Californians from being collected and mishandled. The law grants the citizens of California the rights to know all the information a business collects on them, to forbid companies from selling their data, to delete their data, and more.

Comply with Data Privacy Laws

 

Data privacy laws require that key identifiers be encrypted, pseudonymized, redacted, or anonymized, or that people cannot be traced by their quasi-identifiers. IRI software can find and fix PII in any format to meet the data erasure, portability and rectification requirements of the GDPR et al, and score re-ID risk for HIPAA, etc. Inquire about your mandates.

Apply Multiple Masking Methods

 

Use the free IRI Workbench IDE built on Eclipse™ to discover, classify, and mask data quickly and easily. Choose to blur, encrypt, hash, pseudonymize, randomize, redact, scramble, tokenize, etc. Match the function to search-method-associated data classes (or to column names), and apply it consistently to preserve realism and referential integrity across sources.

 

Which Data Masking Function Should I Use?

Use Role Based Access Controls (RBAC)

 

Decide and enforce who can access or use specific: data sources and targets; masking rules and job scripts; data classifications and data layout definitions; decryption keys and log files; and, even the very data masking products themselves. Establish different roles for different data sources and different access rights based on those roles.

 

Define, Assign, and Follow Your Rules, details here.

Leverage Multiple Audit Logs

 

Every IRI data security solution produces machine-readable audit logs that you can secure, query, and display, or export to SIEM tools, to: reliably document everything that's been changed, verify compliance with data privacy laws without tampering concerns, trigger alerts, and take action. That is how auditing is supposed to work.

 

Learn More here.

Which Data Masking Product Should I Use?

Fieldshield

Find, classify, mask, and risk-score PII across structured data sources, including legacy (flat COBOL, CSV, LDIF) files, ODBC-connected databases, cloud apps like Salesforce, etc. Use AES-256 FPE, blurring, hashing, redaction, pseudonymization, tokenization, etc.

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CellShield

Find, report on, mask, and audit PII in one or more Excel® spreadsheets at once using point-and-click options inside Excel. Search and mask intracellularly, protect formulas, and even entire sheets, too.

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DarkShield

Discover, deliver, and delete sensitive information in semi- and unstructured text (including XML, HL7/X12, HTML, etc.), files, MS & PDF documents (even within their embedded images), RDB C/BLOB and free-floating text columns, NoSQL DBs (MongoDB, Cassandra, and Elasticsearch), image formats, and faces.

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Voracity

Get all three IRI 'shield' products inside, plus test data management, within a total data lifecycle management platform that consolidates big data discovery, integration, migration, governance, and analytics. In addition to FieldShield, CellShield EE and DarkShield, Voracity includes IRI RowGen so you can also create (and mask) DB subsets, or smart test data from scratch for DB/ETL prototyping, PII fabrication, and application stress-testing.

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Resources

Role Based Access Controls (RBAC)

 

Decide and enforce who can access or use specific: data sources and targets; masking rules and job scripts; data classifications and data layout definitions; decryption keys and log files; and, even the very data masking products themselves. Establish different roles for different data sources and different access rights based on those roles.

 

Define, Assign, and Follow Your Rules, details here.